Abandoned by the Russians, Tajikistan faces the challenge of rebuilding a functioning healthcare system. Tuberculosis is widespread, and child mortality due to poor drinking water quality and inadequate sanitation infrastructure is high. The population is also encouraged to take more responsibility for their health. The Swiss Tropical Institute contributes significantly to this effort through the establishment of health centers and the training of medical personnel. Through less specialized but comprehensive family care (Family Medicine), all segments of the population are involved and sensitized to health issues.